Ecology is an interdisciplinary field that involves the study of the relationships between environments and people. While ecological research is often centered around biological relationships and natural environments, the subfield of human ecology also considers social relationships and built environments.
Architects and urban planners need to be familiar with environmental surveys and regulations at the city, state, and federal level especially when it comes to development in post-industrial urban areas.
Sustainable architecture and urbanism are now fields in their own right.